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JLPT N5Adjectives

な-Adjectives(na-adj) — Nominal Adjectives

Adjectives that behave much like nouns. To modify a noun, insert the particle な between the adjective and the noun. To conjugate them, you change the copula (だ/です), not the adjective itself.

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Structure · 形

[な-Adj] + な + Noun | [な-Adj] + です/だ

Examples · 例文

  • 静かな図書館で勉強します。

    Shizuka na toshokan de benkyou shimasu.

    I study in a quiet library.

    静か (quiet) + な (connector) + 図書館 (library)

  • 彼女はとても元気です。

    Kanojo wa totemo genki desu.

    She is very energetic/well.

    At the end of a sentence the copula です carries the tense/politeness

  • そこは有名じゃありません。

    Soko wa yuumei ja arimasen.

    That place is not famous.

    有名 (famous) → 有名じゃありません (negative via copula)

Usage notes · 注意

  • Tricky Appearances: Some words end in the sound い but are actually な-adjectives: 綺麗 (きれい / beautiful, clean), 嫌い (きらい / to dislike), 有名 (ゆうめい / famous). Be careful — they still take な and conjugate via the copula.
  • Abstract States: Japanese treats many psychological states and abilities as nominal adjectives: 好き (like), 上手 (skilled), 暇 (free), 親切 (kind).

Commonly confused with

The JLPT rarely asks whether you recognise a pattern — it asks which of several similar patterns fits. These are the ones な-Adjectives is tested against.

vsい-adjectives

な-adjectives need な before a noun (静かな部屋) and conjugate through the copula (静かだ→静かじゃない); い-adjectives attach directly (寒い部屋) and conjugate themselves (寒い→寒くない).

vsNoun + の + noun

Both link to a following noun, but な-adjectives use な (元気な人) while true nouns use の (日本の車). Choosing の after a な-adjective (元気の人) is a common error.

More adjectives

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